Haze
What is HAZE?
HAZE consists of sufficient smoke, dust, moisture, and vapour suspended in air to impair visibility. HAZE pollution can be said to be “transboundary” if its density and extent is so great at source that it remains at measurable levels after crossing into another country’s air space.
Cause of haze?
Once again, the forests of Kalimantan, South Sumatra and parts of Riau are on fire. The fires are destroying Indonesia's forests, rich biological diversity and natural heritage. The fires are also endangering the health of Indonesians, Malaysians and Singaporeans. The people most affected by the haze are Indonesians living in Kalimantan and South Sumatra.
The major cause of haze is the clear land activity within the industry area for farming, production of paper and palm oil. The burning becomes more uncontrolled since the land covered by peat. Peat is a type of moist soil that burning and spread slowly. The abundance of smoke, dust and other particles emitted during the clear land activity cause the decreasing in visibility and decreasing the air quality. Winds carries the haze particles across the nearest country include Malaysia.
Air pollution occurs when the burning release carbon dioxide and gives further impact to global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted to the atmosphere then absorbs thermal infrared radiations which lead to increasing the surface temperature.
HAZE consists of sufficient smoke, dust, moisture, and vapour suspended in air to impair visibility. HAZE pollution can be said to be “transboundary” if its density and extent is so great at source that it remains at measurable levels after crossing into another country’s air space.
Cause of haze?
Once again, the forests of Kalimantan, South Sumatra and parts of Riau are on fire. The fires are destroying Indonesia's forests, rich biological diversity and natural heritage. The fires are also endangering the health of Indonesians, Malaysians and Singaporeans. The people most affected by the haze are Indonesians living in Kalimantan and South Sumatra.
The major cause of haze is the clear land activity within the industry area for farming, production of paper and palm oil. The burning becomes more uncontrolled since the land covered by peat. Peat is a type of moist soil that burning and spread slowly. The abundance of smoke, dust and other particles emitted during the clear land activity cause the decreasing in visibility and decreasing the air quality. Winds carries the haze particles across the nearest country include Malaysia.
Air pollution occurs when the burning release carbon dioxide and gives further impact to global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted to the atmosphere then absorbs thermal infrared radiations which lead to increasing the surface temperature.
Cloud Seeding
1. Static cloud seeding
- spread chemical like silver iodide (AgI) into clouds.
- silver iodide provides a crystal around the cloud which condenses the moisture within the cloud.
- moisture already present in clouds.
- silver iodide makes rain clouds more effective.
2. Dynamic cloud seeding
- boost vertical air current. #in water cycle, the cloud particles collide and fall out as precipitation.
- more water pass through the clouds, translating into more rain.
- more complex than static cloud seeding because its depends on a sequence of events working properly.
3. Hygroscopic cloud seeding
- disperse salt (NaCl) through flares or explosives in lower portions of clouds.
- salt will increase in size as water combined with them.
- used frequently because its more simple than other methods.